Nel corso del secolo scorso numerosi modelli epidemiologici sono stati formulati, analizzati e applicati a diverse malattie infettive, ad esempio morbillo, rosolia, malaria, MST. Tali modelli si fondano su due assunzioni: la prima `e la mass-mixing, ossia tutti gli individui interagiscono tra loro in maniera uniforme, la seconda `e che i parametri - come il tasso di trasmissione - siano costanti nel tempo. Il fulcro di questo lavoro `e perfezionare i modelli classici sostituendo l'ipotesi di mass-mixing con network eterogenei e considerando il tasso di trasmissione variabile nel tempo, dipendente da un segnale di swiching. Poich´e uno degli aspetti pi`u importanti dell'epidemiologia `e quello di applicare schemi di controllo per debellare la malattia, per i modelli su network con switch viene analizzata la stabilit`a del punto di equilibrio in assenza di malattia, includendo nei modelli programmi vaccinali. In particolare, viene studiato uno specifico modello che controlla il diffondersi del morbillo, confrontando i casi in cui i vaccini vengono sottoposti a tutta la popolazione suscettibile o solo ai nuovi nati.
In the last century lots of epidemic models have been formulated, analysed and applied to a variety of infectious diseases such as measles, rubella, malaria, STDs. These models are generally based on two assumptions: first, mass-mixing, which means all the individuals have a uniform contact pattern, and second, that the parameters - such as the transmission rate ¿ are constant in time. The focus of this work is to refine the classical models, replacing the assumption of the mass-mixing with heterogeneous networks, and considering a time-varying transmission rate which depends on a switching signal. Since one of the important aspects of epidemiology is the application of control schemes to eradicate a disease, the stability of the disease-free equilibrium of these switched network models is analysed, investigating models with vaccination programs. In particular, a specific model which controls the spread of measles is studied, comparing the cases in which vaccinations are administrated to all the susceptible population or only to the newborns.
Modelli Epidemiologici: uso dello Switch control nei Network
SOTTILE, SARA
2018/2019
Abstract
In the last century lots of epidemic models have been formulated, analysed and applied to a variety of infectious diseases such as measles, rubella, malaria, STDs. These models are generally based on two assumptions: first, mass-mixing, which means all the individuals have a uniform contact pattern, and second, that the parameters - such as the transmission rate ¿ are constant in time. The focus of this work is to refine the classical models, replacing the assumption of the mass-mixing with heterogeneous networks, and considering a time-varying transmission rate which depends on a switching signal. Since one of the important aspects of epidemiology is the application of control schemes to eradicate a disease, the stability of the disease-free equilibrium of these switched network models is analysed, investigating models with vaccination programs. In particular, a specific model which controls the spread of measles is studied, comparing the cases in which vaccinations are administrated to all the susceptible population or only to the newborns.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14240/96441