Energy Poverty in Europe: The role of Fossil Fuels and Renewables

This thesis explores the connection between energy consumption from fossil fuels and renewable sources, alongside energy poverty indicators and other influencing factors, across European countries. For the investigation, we retrieved data from Eurostat and World Bank and we implemented a linear regression model. The analysis highlights that an increase in GDP per capita leads to a significant reduction in energy poverty by improving the ability to heat homes, decreasing utility bill arrears, and improving housing conditions. While greater fossil fuel consumption is linked to improved energy poverty outcomes, higher usage of renewables correlates with increased difficulties in paying utility bills. The findings underscore the importance of consistent and multidimensional policies, able to relieve the burden on vulnerable households while promoting energy transition.