Problematiche relative all'osservazione dei raggi cosmici e delle meteore dallo spazio mediante l'esperimento JEM-EUSO

The Extreme Universe Space Observatory onboard the Japanese Experiment Module (JEM-EUSO) will represent the first space-based experiment on ultra high energy cosmic rays with an aperture by far wider than currently existing ground-based observatories . It is a pioneering mission which wants to observe, for the first time from Space, the most energetic particles coming from the Universe, detecting the fluorescence signal produced during their transit in the atmosphere. In this thesis I will expose the work that I've done for the JEM-EUSO experiment to study some of the issues related to the observation of cosmic rays and meteors from space. I will discuss the study conducted to estimate the cloud coverage of the sky JEM-EUSO is going to look through during its mission, in order to understand the efficiency of the ultra high energy cosmic rays observation. I will also present the analysis done on the trigger and the original idea proposed to enable the telescope to detect meteors.