A l'heure actuelle, la crise du monde viticole s'accompagne d'une recherche d'images et de valeurs, en phase avec les préoccupations du moment : garantie de qualité, traçabilité des produits, respect d'une éthique environnementale, recherche d'authenticité... De cette prise de conscience est née, au Château Lafon-Rochet, la volonté de remettre en cause la stratégie de lutte phytosanitaire et diminuer les intrants chimiques au vignoble. Et ce, en analysant tout d'abord la situation actuelle, ainsi que toutes les différentes possibilités et expériences menées jusque-là. De fait, le Château a décidé de mettre en place et démarrer un itinéraire technique en viticulture biologique. La zone réservée à l'essai comprend 3 parcelles de Cabernet Sauvignon, divisées en deux modalités et caractérisées par un gradient de sensibilité vis-à-vis des maladies différentes. L'impact des produits cupriques sur le raisin a été vérifié grâce à de nombreuse mesures et analyses concernant les taux de coulure et millerandage, les caractéristiques des grappes, l'époque de véraison, l'évolution des poids de baies et de la maturité et les résidus. Dans cet essai, nous avons souligné l'importance d'une approche raisonnée et mis en évidence l'efficacité de la lutte biologique par rapport au programme conventionnel sur toute la saison 2010, dans des conditions de pression de maladie de faible à moyenne. Tout en réduisant drastiquement les traitements aux cuivre et souffre, les doses employées ont respecté les doses d'homologation des produits et l'apport final de cuivre par hectare. Aucun effet important n'a été remarqué sur la production en tant que telle mais l'impact sur le coût de la modification de l'itinéraire s'avère remarquable. Des critiques et des possibles améliorations ont été proposés, toujours dans le but d'une défense pérenne du vignoble.
Nowadays, the wine world looks for new image and new value linked to the actual trend : high quality, products traceability, environmental care, authenticity¿. That is why, the head of the Château Lafon-Rochet is currently studying alternatives in order to decrease chemical input and review their phytosanitary strategy. First of all, an analysis of the current situation was necessary as well as a study of different possibilities and experiences carried out. Then, the propriety decided to put into practice a technical itinerary in an organic way, through some part of the vineyard. The tested region is made of 3 plots of Cabernet Sauvignon, each divided in 2 and characterized by different degrees of health sensibility. The impact of the copper products on the grapes has been proved by several analysis, done on the leakage level, the millerandage, the bunches characteristics, the veraison phase, the weight evolution, the maturity and the residue. During the whole process, we emphasized the importance of an integrated approach and the efficiency of the organic way compared with the conventional way. However we need to consider the exceptional conditions of the season 2010, which were quite low. Thus, we first reduced copper and sulphur treatments, then an effort was made on the quantity used and finally the copper addition per hectare was respected. None effect was noticed on the production level however the repercussion on the cost of the itinerary change was amazing. Then critics and potential ameliorations have been submitted for a sustainable defense of the vineyard.
Riduzione dell'impiego dei prodotti fitosanitari presso Château Lafon-Rochet (Bordeaux)
TONETTO, ALBERTO
2009/2010
Abstract
Nowadays, the wine world looks for new image and new value linked to the actual trend : high quality, products traceability, environmental care, authenticity¿. That is why, the head of the Château Lafon-Rochet is currently studying alternatives in order to decrease chemical input and review their phytosanitary strategy. First of all, an analysis of the current situation was necessary as well as a study of different possibilities and experiences carried out. Then, the propriety decided to put into practice a technical itinerary in an organic way, through some part of the vineyard. The tested region is made of 3 plots of Cabernet Sauvignon, each divided in 2 and characterized by different degrees of health sensibility. The impact of the copper products on the grapes has been proved by several analysis, done on the leakage level, the millerandage, the bunches characteristics, the veraison phase, the weight evolution, the maturity and the residue. During the whole process, we emphasized the importance of an integrated approach and the efficiency of the organic way compared with the conventional way. However we need to consider the exceptional conditions of the season 2010, which were quite low. Thus, we first reduced copper and sulphur treatments, then an effort was made on the quantity used and finally the copper addition per hectare was respected. None effect was noticed on the production level however the repercussion on the cost of the itinerary change was amazing. Then critics and potential ameliorations have been submitted for a sustainable defense of the vineyard.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14240/70460