Analisis e confronto tra le missioni di peacekeeping in Rwanda e Costa d'Avorio nell'ambito del sistema di sicurezza collettivo della Carta delle Nazioni Unite.

What are the factors rendering a peacekeeping mission effective or not? Why the peacekeeping mission in Côte d’Ivoire can be defined as a success, while the one in Rwanda a complete failure? There are underlying reasons for this difference. The aim of this paper is trying to present them. This will be possible through the analysis of the main characteristics of both of them, starting from the causes which had led the United Nations to intervene in the conflicts. These causes were quite similar in both countries and they can be mostly attributed to ethnic tensions. The mandate given to peacekeeping forces was analogous too, namely the task of facilitating the implementation of peace agreements in order to end the civil war. However, the reaction of the international community, represented by the UN Security Council, as regards Rwanda was completely different than the one regarding Côte d’Ivoire. Indeed, UNAMIR, the peacekeeping mission in Rwanda, was characterized mostly by the lack of political interest of Member States and this led to the subsequent military weakness and to the inability to intervene promptly in order to handle the situation. UNAMIR and UNOCI, despite similarities, were presented in front of distinct types of conflicts and were supported in a definitely differing way, which in the case of Rwanda was totally not enough.