The cytochrome P450 monooxygenases CYP4, lipid metabolism and the human immune response

Cytochromes P450 are essential contributors in metabolism of several xenobiotics and endogenous agents, including fatty acids. They are important members in metabolism of active substances related to inflammation process. Studying of their nomenclature, structure and catalytic cycle is important for understanding of their place in biology and medicine. Cytochromes P450 consume electrons during their catalytic activity. These electrons are donated by enzyme cytochrome P450 reductase. Thus, understanding of its structure and mechanisms of electron transfer is a critical point in studies related to cytochromes P450. Arachidonic acid is a 20-carbon chain polyunsaturated fatty acid. Its metabolic oxidation gives rise to bioactive oxygenated molecules including eicosanoids and isoprostanes. Different metabolites demonstrate, among others, vasoregulatory, proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory activity. This fact makes arachidonic acid a key point of interest in study of immune processes.