REALIZZARE OBIETTIVO DI SVILUPPO SOSTENIBILE 9 (SDG9): L'impatto delle infrastructure resilienti, dell'industria e delle'innovazione sullo sviluppo del capitale umano nel continente Africano.

ABSTRACT The 19th century is remarkable for the great growth of the power of Capital (the period which falls between the French Revolution of 1789 and the outbreak of First World War in 1914). In the 19th century's industrial revolution and the 20th century's miracle economies, countries from several global regions grew at high rates for long periods, while having wide infrastructure deficits. Although there has been improvement in the growth of infrastructure in modern economies over the last century but this growth still is not evident in the human and capital development in most part of the world, particularly in the developing countries, Africa to be more precise. The economic costs of Africa's insufficient stock and poor quality of infrastructure are as big for the continent as the size of the potential impacts of resolving the problem. Infrastructure and human capital are the essential elements that wheel the industrial production base of any economy. Without these essential elements the engine of industrial production might grind to a halt. The combination of energy, roads infrastructure and human capital and other inputs provide the fuel that industries need for production and distribution of goods and services. Africa must industrialise to end poverty and to generate employment for its fast-rising labour force which is constantly growing every year. One of the key factors retarding industrialisation has been the insufficient stock of productive infrastructure in power, water, transport, energy and other innovative and industrial services that would allow firms to thrive in industries with strong comparative advantages. This paper seeks to focus on how the SDG 9 can help build human and capital resources in developing countries complemented by a regional focus on Africa. The growth of every economy is hinged on an innovative human resource and a strong capital base and all of which depends on building a resilient infrastructure, industry and innovation not just for the emerging economies of the world but globally.