Strategies and issues in the translation of musical films for children: the Italian adaptation of three songs from Frozen 2

As far as translation across the globe is concerned, experts make a general distinction between subtitling and dubbing countries based on how the audience commonly watch films or TV series. However, nowadays this broad classification has become outdated as there are some exceptions that receive a special treatment in the localization process. One of the most evident are audiovisual products for children such as cartoons, which have the characteristic of being dubbed all over the world even in subtitling countries. Whether they are animated TV series or films to be screened at the cinema, translating such products into our mother tongue leads the translator to deal with translation challenges not only of linguistic kind, but also semiotic. The presence of music, notably, and the consequent presence of songs, are usually the backbone of cartoons as they represent an important medium for conveying messages that are understandable even to children. The aim of this dissertation is on one hand to analyse the main issues implicated in translating animated films, especially musical films addressed to a younger audience, and on the other hand to portray the application of the analysis in the translation from English into Italian of the animated film Frozen 2 by Disney.