Artificial Intelligence: Regulation, Liability and Future Legal Paradigm in the EU Context

Given the rapid pace at which artificial intelligence is evolving, the European Union stands at the forefront of redefining legal boundaries in every such case in which innovation converges with accountability and human rights protection. This dissertation wants to explore these developments by examining how regulatory measures – from the oldest Product Liability Directive to the newest Artificial Intelligence Act – intertwines with emerging responsibilities for a diverse array of actors and whether they need to be changed or renewed in order to be in line with the ever-increasing autonomous systems. In practice, many facets of AI governance are analysed, such as risk management, human oversight and reimagined liability frameworks. The thesis contemplates a future in which ideas such as shared accountability, tailored insurance schemes and even the attribution of legal personhood to AI systems might lead to a redefinition of risk and responsibility.