Emulare il Cervello Umano: Sistemi Esperti, Intelligenza Artificiale Generale e Ingegneria Neuromorfica

This magistral thesis investigates the profound implications of artificial intelligence (AI), specifically focusing on expert machines, artificial general intelligence (AGI), and neuromorphic engineering. The study explores the historical evolution and architectural framework of expert systems, highlighting their adaptability and modularity in various fields. The primary objective is to elucidate the advancements in AGI and neuromorphic engineering, examining the cognitive flexibility of AGI and the potential applications of neuromorphic computing. The research employs a multidisciplinary approach, leveraging theoretical studies and practical case analyses. Findings indicate significant progress in neuromorphic computing and AGI, demonstrating their potential to revolutionize data processing, enhance multidisciplinary cooperation, and drive scientific discoveries. The case studies include: Neuromorphic Architecture: IBM TrueNorth Applications, showcasing the use of IBM's TrueNorth microprocessor to mimic the neuronal structure of the human brain, and AGI and the Future of Academic Research, which highlights AGI's capability to advance data processing and multidisciplinary cooperation. The study emphasizes the ethical considerations required for developing machines capable of human-like cognition, advocating for coordinated efforts among researchers, ethicists, and legislators to ensure the responsible and beneficial integration of these technologies into societal frameworks.