Abstract La mia tesi è un'analisi delle poesie di John Wilmot, II conte di Rochester, nel contesto della Restaurazione. Nel primo capitolo discuto inizialmente il contesto storico-sociale della Restaurazione, cioè quel periodo che ebbe inizio in Inghilterra nel 1660 con il ritorno sul trono della dinastia Stuart, nella persona di Carlo II, dopo diciotto anni di interregno segnati nella prima fase da una sanguinosa guerra civile e nella seconda dall'instaurazione della repubblica puritana denominata Commonwealth. Parto dalla descrizione dei principali eventi storici e politici occorsi durante la Restaurazione che segnarono il passaggio alla monarchia dopo un governo puritano dittatoriale il quale, aveva proibito ogni forma di divertimento e tentato di sradicare ogni forma di vizio, imponendo ai cittadini uno stile di vita austero. Il ritorno alla monarchia ripristinò tutto ciò che era stato proibito dai puritani, e quindi in particolar modo la libertà religiosa e quella di potersi divertire. Proprio questo tentativo di reagire all'austerità imposta dai puritani aveva spinto i ceti più elevati all'eccesso contrario, cioè alla dissolutezza, incoraggiata dall'esempio del merry monarch Carlo II. Nella seconda e terza parte del primo capitolo discuto la nascita dei Restoration rakes all'interno della corte di Carlo II e la figura e la personalità di quest'ultimo. I primi erano un gruppo di libertini colti, che conduceva una vita dissoluta dedicandosi ad attività quali il bere, il gioco d'azzardo e la promiscuità sessuale. Il loro leader era John Wilmot. Questi libertini passarono alla storia non solo per la loro dissolutezza, spesso esagerata dai pettegolezzi, ma anche per il loro contributo alla letteratura inglese, fatto di satire, libelli e commedie che essi componevano non per la pubblicazione, ma per il loro intrattenimento personale, oltre che per quello del re e del suo entourage. Nella prima parte del secondo capitolo discuto la vita di John Wilmot e le contraddizioni e sfumature della personalità di questo nobiluomo, che sapeva dividersi tra la tranquilla vita famigliare in campagna e la frenetica vita libertina costellata di relazioni extraconiugali. Nella seconda parte del capitolo illustro brevemente la produzione letteraria di Rochester e i tentativi non facili degli studiosi di stabilire un canone delle sue opere. Nel terzo capitolo presento alcune poesie e satire rappresentative delle tematiche più importanti nelle opere del poeta. Nella prima parte del capitolo analizzo tre poesie in cui l'amore per le donne è associato al piacere del bere: Love a Woman, You're an Ass!, To a Lady in a Letter e The Disabled Debauchee. Successivamente prendo in esame tre poesie in cui il coinvolgimento emotivo risulta più importante del rapporto sessuale: Love and Life, The Fall e Absent from Thee I languish still. Nella seconda parte del capitolo analizzo le satire Tunbridge Wells e Timon, in cui Rochester esprime il proprio disprezzo nei confronti della follia, dell'ipocrisia e del falso onore. Nella terza parte del capitolo discuto la satira Upon Nothing, in cui il poeta nega l'utilità della conoscenza fisica e scientifica e della metafisica cristiana.
Abstract My dissertation is an analysis of the poetry of John Wilmot, II Earl of Rochester, in the context of the Restoration. In the first chapter I initially discuss the social and historical context of the Restoration, namely the age which began in England in 1660 with the return on the throne of the Stuart dinasty, in the person of Charles II, after eighteen years of interregnum characterised in the first period by a bloody civil war and in the second by the institution of a Puritan republic named the Commonwealth. I start with the description of the main events which marked the transition to the monarchy from the Puritan dictatorial government, which had banned every kind of entertainment and attempted to eradicate vice by imposing a strict life style on citizens. The return to the monarchy had restored all that had been banned by the Puritans, especially religious freedom and entertainment. It was precisely this attempt to react to the strictness imposed by the Puritans, which had led the highest social class to the opposite extreme, namely debauchery, encouraged by the example of the merry monarch Charles II. In the second and the third part of the first chapter, I discuss the rise of the Restoration rakes within the court of Charles II and the figure and personality of this king. The first formed a group of literates who however led a dissolute life, drinking, gambling and whoring. Their leader was John Wilmot. These rakes became notorious in history not only for their debauchery, frequently exaggerated by gossip, but also for their contribution to English literature, consisting in satires, lampoons and plays which they composed not with the aim of printing them, but for their personal amusement and that of the king and his circle. In the first part of the second chapter I discuss the life of John Wilmot and the contradictions and aspects of the personality of this poet, who divided himself between a calm family life in the country and a frenzied, debauched existence studded with relationships outside marriage. In the second part of the chapter I briefly deal with Rochester's literary works and with the difficult attempts on the part of academics to establish a canon of his works. In the third chapter I analyse some poems and satires where the topics which seem particularly important are foregrounded. In the first part of the chapter, I analyse three songs in which love for women is associated to fondness for drinking, that is, Love a Woman, You're an Ass!, To a Lady in a Letter e The Disabled Debauchee. After that, I examine three songs in which a sentimental involvement is considered more important than sexual intercourse, i.e., Love and Life, The Fall e Absent from Thee I Languish Still. In the second part of the third chapter, I analyse the satires Tunbridge Wells and Timon, in which Rochester expresses his contempt for folly, hypocrisy and false honour. Subsequently, I analyse the satire Upon Nothing, in which the poet denies the usefulness of philosophic and scientific knowledge and discredits Christian metaphysics.
John Wilmot, Earl of Rochester e l'ideologia del rake
ARTIOLI, NADIA
2016/2017
Abstract
Abstract My dissertation is an analysis of the poetry of John Wilmot, II Earl of Rochester, in the context of the Restoration. In the first chapter I initially discuss the social and historical context of the Restoration, namely the age which began in England in 1660 with the return on the throne of the Stuart dinasty, in the person of Charles II, after eighteen years of interregnum characterised in the first period by a bloody civil war and in the second by the institution of a Puritan republic named the Commonwealth. I start with the description of the main events which marked the transition to the monarchy from the Puritan dictatorial government, which had banned every kind of entertainment and attempted to eradicate vice by imposing a strict life style on citizens. The return to the monarchy had restored all that had been banned by the Puritans, especially religious freedom and entertainment. It was precisely this attempt to react to the strictness imposed by the Puritans, which had led the highest social class to the opposite extreme, namely debauchery, encouraged by the example of the merry monarch Charles II. In the second and the third part of the first chapter, I discuss the rise of the Restoration rakes within the court of Charles II and the figure and personality of this king. The first formed a group of literates who however led a dissolute life, drinking, gambling and whoring. Their leader was John Wilmot. These rakes became notorious in history not only for their debauchery, frequently exaggerated by gossip, but also for their contribution to English literature, consisting in satires, lampoons and plays which they composed not with the aim of printing them, but for their personal amusement and that of the king and his circle. In the first part of the second chapter I discuss the life of John Wilmot and the contradictions and aspects of the personality of this poet, who divided himself between a calm family life in the country and a frenzied, debauched existence studded with relationships outside marriage. In the second part of the chapter I briefly deal with Rochester's literary works and with the difficult attempts on the part of academics to establish a canon of his works. In the third chapter I analyse some poems and satires where the topics which seem particularly important are foregrounded. In the first part of the chapter, I analyse three songs in which love for women is associated to fondness for drinking, that is, Love a Woman, You're an Ass!, To a Lady in a Letter e The Disabled Debauchee. After that, I examine three songs in which a sentimental involvement is considered more important than sexual intercourse, i.e., Love and Life, The Fall e Absent from Thee I Languish Still. In the second part of the third chapter, I analyse the satires Tunbridge Wells and Timon, in which Rochester expresses his contempt for folly, hypocrisy and false honour. Subsequently, I analyse the satire Upon Nothing, in which the poet denies the usefulness of philosophic and scientific knowledge and discredits Christian metaphysics.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
068627_tesidilaureaufficiale.pdf
non disponibili
Tipologia:
Altro materiale allegato
Dimensione
408.62 kB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
408.62 kB | Adobe PDF |
I documenti in UNITESI sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14240/143311