INDAGINE PER L'IMPOSTAZIONE DI UN CANTIERE MODELLO DI UTILIZZAZIONE FORESTALE IN ALTA VAL TANARO

Tanaro Valley (CN) is an area that represents the socio-economic crisis that is affecting many alpine valleys. Bioener-wood is a project that is evaluating the feasibility of a chain that is able to exploit the forests, allowing local people to manage the resource through a rational use, and this project is financed by the European for Regional Development 2007-2013. This work, in this context, is a preliminary study to assess the correct setting and organization of a forest site type, with particular attention on the criterion to select machines to be used in Tanaro Valley and assuming the most correct method of preparing the log site for each stational type. The analysis is based on references between different experiences of tests and simulations to harvest biomass in different model sites. The criterion of scientific articles was based on an analysis of the wider range of types of machines, thus providing a vast view regarding the different methods of setting the log site. The common thread that links the different scientific articles is the destination of the harvested biomass: the transformation in chips. The most of scientific articles concern experimental and trials sites, which have allowed the benefits and criticality relating to each type of system adopted, and detect the setting of the best site suited to the forest situation of Tanaro Valley. The sites were numbered, synthesized and organized in a general table, which summarizes the characteristics of each work and the related costs. In particular, data are organized according to the three main phases of forest harvesting (felling, mounting and logging), in addition to chipping and transport (in central or square sales). The results are compared with two areas considered representative of Tanaro Valley's forest, where were collected dendrometric data and was carried out a hammered. From this study results a propensity to mechanization of all operations in forest as a method to make it convenient and to obtain the highest productivity of the site, in relation to the slope, the diameter of felled trees, the set quality and the road.