L'etica dei Dati, Problematiche Filosofiche, Legali e Tecnologiche

This thesis explores the multifaceted realm of data ethics, addressing its philosophical, legal, and technological dimensions. Motivated by the profound impact of data-driven technology on our daily lives, the research aims to foster a comprehensive understanding of data ethics and advocate for its crucial implementation in organizational practices. The investigation is also propelled by a curiosity to unravel the intricate issues stemming from the integration of new technologies into our lives, recognizing technology as a pivotal lens through which to comprehend human development. The central thesis posits that comprehending data ethics necessitates an exploration of its evolving epistemological meaning, influencing its interpretations and expressions in diverse contexts, particularly within the public and private domains. The initial chapter provides a foundational definition of data ethics drawn from Floridi's and Taddeo's work, establishing a framework for subsequent discussions. The focus then shifts to the European Commission's communication, "A European Strategy for Data," delving into the implications, opportunities, and strategic guidance for the safe utilization of data transformation. The second chapter critically examines different ethical conceptions, as theorized by Durante, highlighting the application of classical ethical theories to data science. It further analyses data ethics within the private sector, exploring its manifestations at technological, organizational, and individual levels. The intricate relationship between data ethics and law is scrutinized, addressing how companies exploit ethical principles to sidestep regulatory frameworks. The third chapter scrutinizes data ethics in the public sector, analysing international documents such as the OECD's "Good Practice Principles for Data Ethics in the Public Sector" and the World Bank Group's "Data for Better Lives." Drawing on Durante's ethical frameworks, the chapter underscores the distinctive nature of data ethics in the public realm. The exploration extends to the ethical implications of automated decision-making systems in the legal field, emphasizing the potential affections of fundamental principles and values. The thesis, as a whole, delves into the nuanced meaning of data ethics, emphasizing its epistemological flexibility and distinct manifestations in private and public contexts. Rooted in an ethical framework aiming to prevent harm in the private sector and promote the public good in the public sector, the analysis unravels issues related to legal principles and shared values. These issues are intricately connected to technological challenges, notably the opaqueness of automated decision-making systems. The concluding reflections encapsulate a brief personal contemplation on the significance of data ethics and its evolutions.