Nelle ultime due decadi il settore dell’uva da tavola ha globalmente mostrato trend positivi in termini di produzioni (+70 %), consumi (+73 %) e commerci internazionali (+50 %). L’Italia nel 2021 è risultato il primo produttore in Europa e la terza nazione esportatrice a livello mondiale. L’aroma (componente del flavour) è un importante attributo dell’uva da tavola contribuendo a definirne la qualità globale. Questa proprietà è largamente apprezzata dai consumatori e conseguentemente il mercato richiede varietà con aromi particolari o nuovi. L’aroma dell’uva è determinato da composti odorosi appartenenti a varie classi di molecole, sintetizzate attraverso differenti vie metaboliche. Ogni uva è caratterizzata da un unico profilo aromatico formato, sulla base del genotipo, da complessi eventi fisiologici e biochimici che regolano la crescita e lo sviluppo della vite e la risposta ai diversi stress. Al livello dell’elaborazione sensoriale, nella percezione dell’aroma sono coinvolti numerosi e complessi fattori esterni e parametri fisiologici. In questa tesi è stata eseguita la caratterizzazione aromatica di cinque varietà di uva da tavola bianche attraverso l’analisi gas cromatografica accoppiata al rilevamento di massa e l’analisi gas cromatografica-olfattometrica. La varietà Fragolino Bianco (V. labrusca) si è rilevata come l’uva con la più alta ricchezza aromatica presentando un alto contenuto di monoterpeni e un bouquet complesso e diversificato includente tutte le tipologie di odori. La cultivar Guzum (V. vinifera), caratterizzata da un ricco profilo terpenico e un insolito contenuto di esteri, ha mostrato composti varietali di elevata qualità come tioli e pirazine. La cultivar Fragolino Rosa (V. labrusca) ha presentato un ridotto livello di monoterpeni e un buon contenuto di esteri. L’analisi complessiva ha rilevato in quest’uva un bouquet di moderata complessità, sebbene non troppo tipico. Le varietà Cotton Candy (V. vinifera), il cui tipico odore di zucchero filato è stato confermato, e Melona (V. vinifera) sono state complessivamente valutate come neutrali nell’aroma.
In the last 20 years, the table grape sector has globally shown positive trends in terms of production (+70 %), consumption (+73 %) and international trade (+50 %). In 2021, Italy was the first producer in EU and the third worldly exporter country. The aroma (flavour component) is an important attribute of table grape contributing to define its quality. This property finds great appreciation in the consumers and consequently the market asks for varieties with particular or new aroma. The aroma of the grape berries is determined by odorant compounds belonging to several molecular classes, synthesized through different metabolic pathways. Each grape is characterized by a unique aroma profile shaped, on the base of the genotype, by complex physiological and biochemical events regulating vine growth and development and the responses to stressful conditions. At the level of sensory processing, several and complex external factors and physiological parameters are involved in aroma perception. In this thesis was performed the aromatic characterization of five white table grape varieties through gas chromatography/mass detection and gas chromatography-olfactometry analysis. The Fragolino Bianco (V. labrusca) variety turned out as the grape with the higher aromatic richness. It presented a high monoterpene concentration and a very complex and diversified bouquet included all typologies of odours. The Guzum (V. vinifera) grape, characterized by a very rich terpenic profile and an unusual high ester content, showed varietal compounds of high quality as thiol and pyrazine molecules. Fragolino Rosa (V. labrusca) cultivar held a weak monoterpene content and a good amount of esters. The summary of the analysis attributed to this grape a moderate complex bouquet, even if not too typical. The Cotton Candy (V. vinifera), whose characteristic candyfloss scent was confirmed, and the Melona (V. vinifera) varieties were overally evaluated neutral in the aroma.
Caratterizzazione aromatica attraverso gas cromatografia/rilevamento di massa e analisi olfattometrica di nuove varietà di uva da tavola
DANIELI, FABIO
2021/2022
Abstract
In the last 20 years, the table grape sector has globally shown positive trends in terms of production (+70 %), consumption (+73 %) and international trade (+50 %). In 2021, Italy was the first producer in EU and the third worldly exporter country. The aroma (flavour component) is an important attribute of table grape contributing to define its quality. This property finds great appreciation in the consumers and consequently the market asks for varieties with particular or new aroma. The aroma of the grape berries is determined by odorant compounds belonging to several molecular classes, synthesized through different metabolic pathways. Each grape is characterized by a unique aroma profile shaped, on the base of the genotype, by complex physiological and biochemical events regulating vine growth and development and the responses to stressful conditions. At the level of sensory processing, several and complex external factors and physiological parameters are involved in aroma perception. In this thesis was performed the aromatic characterization of five white table grape varieties through gas chromatography/mass detection and gas chromatography-olfactometry analysis. The Fragolino Bianco (V. labrusca) variety turned out as the grape with the higher aromatic richness. It presented a high monoterpene concentration and a very complex and diversified bouquet included all typologies of odours. The Guzum (V. vinifera) grape, characterized by a very rich terpenic profile and an unusual high ester content, showed varietal compounds of high quality as thiol and pyrazine molecules. Fragolino Rosa (V. labrusca) cultivar held a weak monoterpene content and a good amount of esters. The summary of the analysis attributed to this grape a moderate complex bouquet, even if not too typical. The Cotton Candy (V. vinifera), whose characteristic candyfloss scent was confirmed, and the Melona (V. vinifera) varieties were overally evaluated neutral in the aroma.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14240/104569